Assessment of neuroendocrine dysfunction following traumatic brain injury.

A screening protocol adapted for selected patients at risk for endocrine problems is described, and physicians should be aware of the importance of neuroendocrine dysfunction following TBI. Posttraumatic neuroendocrine pathology may be a clinically significant complication following traumatic brain injury TBI. Metabolic abnormalities are described after TBI in two cases. A 21 year old male injured in a motor vehicle accident admitted in a minimally responsive condition presented with fluctuating high sodium levels, undetectable serum testosterone, and depressed cortisol and thyroid function. Imaging revealed near complete avulsion of the pituitary stalk leading to panhypopituitarism. A 38 year old male admitted for occipital skull fractures and brain contusions presented with hypona tremia and low serum testosterone. Both patients required hormonal replacement and correction of electrolyte abnormalities. A screening protocol adapted for selected patients at risk for endocrine problems is described. While neuroendocrine screening is not advocated in all TBI patients, physicians should be aware of the importance of neuroendocrine dysfunction following TBI.

PDF) Neuroendocrine-induced hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology, factors and prognosis

PDF) Neuroendocrine-induced hyponatremia in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiology, factors and prognosis

TBI Resources for Medical Providers

PDF) Traumatic Injury to the Brain and Endocrine Evaluation of the Anterior Pituitary a Year After the Event (The TRIBE Study)

Pituitary dysfunction after traumatic brain injury in children: is there a need for ongoing endocrine assessment? - Casano‐Sancho - 2013 - Clinical Endocrinology - Wiley Online Library

Post Head Injury Endocrine Complications Treatment & Management: Surgical Intervention, Consultations, Other Treatment

A New Avenue for Lithium: Intervention in Traumatic Brain Injury

Endocrine Dysfunction After Traumatic Brain Injury: An Ignored Clinical Syndrome?

Neuroendocrine disorders after traumatic brain injury

Recovery from disorders of consciousness: mechanisms, prognosis and emerging therapies

Traumatic brain injury as a chronic disease: insights from the United States Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Research Program - The Lancet Neurology

Traumatic brain injuries Nature Reviews Disease Primers

Brain Sciences, Free Full-Text

Diagnosing and Managing Carcinoid Heart Disease in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors: An Expert Statement - ScienceDirect

Frontiers Traumatic Brain Injury as Frequent Cause of Hypopituitarism and Growth Hormone Deficiency: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment